对于最新的稳定版本，请使用 Spring Framework 6.2.4！spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

发送消息

这JmsTemplate包含许多发送消息的便捷方法。发送 methods 使用jakarta.jms.Destinationobject 和其他使用String在 JNDI 查找中。这send方法，则不设 destination 参数使用默认 destination。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

以下示例使用MessageCreatorcallback 创建文本消息提供Session对象：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

import jakarta.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import jakarta.jms.JMSException;
import jakarta.jms.Message;
import jakarta.jms.Queue;
import jakarta.jms.Session;

import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;

public class JmsQueueSender {

	private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
	private Queue queue;

	public void setConnectionFactory(ConnectionFactory cf) {
		this.jmsTemplate = new JmsTemplate(cf);
	}

	public void setQueue(Queue queue) {
		this.queue = queue;
	}

	public void simpleSend() {
		this.jmsTemplate.send(this.queue, new MessageCreator() {
			public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
				return session.createTextMessage("hello queue world");
			}
		});
	}
}



In the preceding example, the JmsTemplate is constructed by passing a reference to a
ConnectionFactory. As an alternative, a zero-argument constructor and
connectionFactory is provided and can be used for constructing the instance in
JavaBean style (using a BeanFactory or plain Java code). Alternatively, consider
deriving from Spring’s JmsGatewaySupport convenience base class, which provides
pre-built bean properties for JMS configuration.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn


The send(String destinationName, MessageCreator creator) method lets you send a
message by using the string name of the destination. If these names are registered in JNDI,
you should set the destinationResolver property of the template to an instance of
JndiDestinationResolver.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn


If you created the JmsTemplate and specified a default destination, the
send(MessageCreator c) sends a message to that destination.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn



Using Message Converters


To facilitate the sending of domain model objects, the JmsTemplate has
various send methods that take a Java object as an argument for a message’s data
content. The overloaded methods convertAndSend() and receiveAndConvert() methods in
JmsTemplate delegate the conversion process to an instance of the MessageConverter
interface. This interface defines a simple contract to convert between Java objects and
JMS messages. The default implementation (SimpleMessageConverter) supports conversion
between String and TextMessage, byte[] and BytesMessage, and java.util.Map
and MapMessage. By using the converter, you and your application code can focus on the
business object that is being sent or received through JMS and not be concerned with the
details of how it is represented as a JMS message.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn


The sandbox currently includes a MapMessageConverter, which uses reflection to convert
between a JavaBean and a MapMessage. Other popular implementation choices you might
implement yourself are converters that use an existing XML marshalling package (such as
JAXB or XStream) to create a TextMessage that represents the object.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn


To accommodate the setting of a message’s properties, headers, and body that can not be
generically encapsulated inside a converter class, the MessagePostProcessor interface
gives you access to the message after it has been converted but before it is sent. The
following example shows how to modify a message header and a property after a
java.util.Map is converted to a message:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn



public void sendWithConversion() {
	Map map = new HashMap();
	map.put("Name", "Mark");
	map.put("Age", new Integer(47));
	jmsTemplate.convertAndSend("testQueue", map, new MessagePostProcessor() {
		public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws JMSException {
			message.setIntProperty("AccountID", 1234);
			message.setJMSCorrelationID("123-00001");
			return message;
		}
	});
}



This results in a message of the following form:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn



MapMessage={
	Header={
		... standard headers ...
		CorrelationID={123-00001}
	}
	Properties={
		AccountID={Integer:1234}
	}
	Fields={
		Name={String:Mark}
		Age={Integer:47}
	}
}





Using SessionCallback and ProducerCallback


While the send operations cover many common usage scenarios, you might sometimes
want to perform multiple operations on a JMS Session or MessageProducer. The
SessionCallback and ProducerCallback expose the JMS Session and Session /
MessageProducer pair, respectively. The execute() methods on JmsTemplate run
these callback methods.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn