Servlet 配置

在 Servlet 环境中,您可以选择配置 Servlet 容器 以编程方式作为替代方案或与web.xml文件。 以下示例注册了一个DispatcherServlet:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;

public class MyWebApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

	@Override
	public void onStartup(ServletContext container) {
		XmlWebApplicationContext appContext = new XmlWebApplicationContext();
		appContext.setConfigLocation("/WEB-INF/spring/dispatcher-config.xml");

		ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration = container.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(appContext));
		registration.setLoadOnStartup(1);
		registration.addMapping("/");
	}
}
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer

class MyWebApplicationInitializer : WebApplicationInitializer {

	override fun onStartup(container: ServletContext) {
		val appContext = XmlWebApplicationContext()
		appContext.setConfigLocation("/WEB-INF/spring/dispatcher-config.xml")

		val registration = container.addServlet("dispatcher", DispatcherServlet(appContext))
		registration.setLoadOnStartup(1)
		registration.addMapping("/")
	}
}

WebApplicationInitializer是 Spring MVC 提供的一个接口,可确保您的 实现,并自动用于初始化任何 Servlet 3 容器。 的抽象基类实现WebApplicationInitializerAbstractDispatcherServletInitializer可以更轻松地注册DispatcherServlet通过覆盖方法来指定 servlet 映射和 的位置DispatcherServlet配置。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

对于使用基于 Java 的 Spring 配置的应用程序,建议这样做,因为 以下示例显示:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

public class MyWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
		return new Class<?>[] { MyWebConfig.class };
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		return new String[] { "/" };
	}
}
class MyWebAppInitializer : AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer() {

	override fun getRootConfigClasses(): Array<Class<*>>? {
		return null
	}

	override fun getServletConfigClasses(): Array<Class<*>>? {
		return arrayOf(MyWebConfig::class.java)
	}

	override fun getServletMappings(): Array<String> {
		return arrayOf("/")
	}
}

如果使用基于 XML 的 Spring 配置,则应直接从AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer,如下例所示:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

public class MyWebAppInitializer extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {
		XmlWebApplicationContext cxt = new XmlWebApplicationContext();
		cxt.setConfigLocation("/WEB-INF/spring/dispatcher-config.xml");
		return cxt;
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		return new String[] { "/" };
	}
}
class MyWebAppInitializer : AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer() {

	override fun createRootApplicationContext(): WebApplicationContext? {
		return null
	}

	override fun createServletApplicationContext(): WebApplicationContext {
		return XmlWebApplicationContext().apply {
			setConfigLocation("/WEB-INF/spring/dispatcher-config.xml")
		}
	}

	override fun getServletMappings(): Array<String> {
		return arrayOf("/")
	}
}

AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer还提供了一种便捷的添加方式Filter实例,并让它们自动映射到DispatcherServlet,作为 以下示例显示:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

public class MyWebAppInitializer extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {

	// ...

	@Override
	protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
		return new Filter[] {
			new HiddenHttpMethodFilter(), new CharacterEncodingFilter() };
	}
}
class MyWebAppInitializer : AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer() {

	// ...

	override fun getServletFilters(): Array<Filter> {
		return arrayOf(HiddenHttpMethodFilter(), CharacterEncodingFilter())
	}
}

每个过滤器都会根据其具体类型自动添加默认名称 映射到DispatcherServlet.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

isAsyncSupportedprotected 的AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer提供了一个位置来在DispatcherServlet和所有 映射到它的 filters。默认情况下,此标志设置为true.spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

最后,如果您需要进一步自定义DispatcherServlet本身,您可以 覆盖createDispatcherServlet方法。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn