For the latest stable version, please use Spring AMQP 3.2.0!spring-doc.cn

Handling Exceptions

By default, if an annotated listener method throws an exception, it is thrown to the container and the message are requeued and redelivered, discarded, or routed to a dead letter exchange, depending on the container and broker configuration. Nothing is returned to the sender.spring-doc.cn

Starting with version 2.0, the @RabbitListener annotation has two new attributes: errorHandler and returnExceptions.spring-doc.cn

These are not configured by default.spring-doc.cn

You can use the errorHandler to provide the bean name of a RabbitListenerErrorHandler implementation. This functional interface has one method, as follows:spring-doc.cn

@FunctionalInterface
public interface RabbitListenerErrorHandler {

    Object handleError(Message amqpMessage, org.springframework.messaging.Message<?> message,
              ListenerExecutionFailedException exception) throws Exception;

}

As you can see, you have access to the raw message received from the container, the spring-messaging Message<?> object produced by the message converter, and the exception that was thrown by the listener (wrapped in a ListenerExecutionFailedException). The error handler can either return some result (which is sent as the reply) or throw the original or a new exception (which is thrown to the container or returned to the sender, depending on the returnExceptions setting).spring-doc.cn

The returnExceptions attribute, when true, causes exceptions to be returned to the sender. The exception is wrapped in a RemoteInvocationResult object. On the sender side, there is an available RemoteInvocationAwareMessageConverterAdapter, which, if configured into the RabbitTemplate, re-throws the server-side exception, wrapped in an AmqpRemoteException. The stack trace of the server exception is synthesized by merging the server and client stack traces.spring-doc.cn

This mechanism generally works only with the default SimpleMessageConverter, which uses Java serialization. Exceptions are generally not “Jackson-friendly” and cannot be serialized to JSON. If you use JSON, consider using an errorHandler to return some other Jackson-friendly Error object when an exception is thrown.

In version 2.1, this interface moved from package o.s.amqp.rabbit.listener to o.s.amqp.rabbit.listener.api.

Starting with version 2.1.7, the Channel is available in a messaging message header; this allows you to ack or nack the failed messasge when using AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL:spring-doc.cn

public Object handleError(Message amqpMessage, org.springframework.messaging.Message<?> message,
          ListenerExecutionFailedException exception) {
              ...
              message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.CHANNEL, Channel.class)
                  .basicReject(message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG, Long.class),
                               true);
          }

Starting with version 2.2.18, if a message conversion exception is thrown, the error handler will be called, with null in the message argument. This allows the application to send some result to the caller, indicating that a badly-formed message was received. Previously, such errors were thrown and handled by the container.spring-doc.cn